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4000 |
Environmental assisted Corrosion Cracking in a tube to a deaerator. Pitting and cracks were noticed. (ref 40, 58, 64) |
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4001 |
`Black and wight picture of the same tube of Environmental Assisted Corrosion Cracking in a tube to a deaerator. Pitting and cracks were noticed. (ref 40, 58, 64) |
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4002 |
Tube was asymmetrical bowed. Environmental assisted Corrosion Cracking in a tube to a deaerator. Pitting and cracks were noticed. (ref 40, 58, 64) |
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4003 |
Optical microscopic image of the pitting location. On top of the pitting a oxide cap has been formed. (ref 40, 58, 64) |
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4004 |
Example 1 of the EACC. (ref 40, 58, 64) |
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4005 |
Example 2 of the EACC. (ref 40, 58, 64) |
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4006 |
Example 3 of the EACC.(ref 40, 58, 64) |
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4020 |
Autoclaves and the water refreshing system for the Low Cycle Corrosion Fatyique experiments. (ref 40, 58, 64) |
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4021 |
Autoclave and the elctric monitoring system. (ref 40, 58, 64) |
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4022 |
Top of the autoclave with the load measuring cell and the linear transpolation system. (ref 40, 58, 64) (foto’s KEMA). |
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4023 |
Three bend specimen mounted in the autoclave. (ref 40, 58, 64) (foto’s KEMA). |
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4025 |
Crack length was measured by means of compliance measurements. (ref 40, 58, 64) (foto’s KEMA). |
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4030 |
Low Cycle Corrosion Fatique experiment nr 12. (ref 40, 58, 64) (foto’s KEMA). |
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4031 |
Experiment nr 21, in which crack growth was tried to stop by dosing extra NH3 (Exp. 21, 22 and 23). The moment of change of waterconditioning is indicated with A. (ref 40, 58, 64) (foto’s KEMA). |
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4032 |
Experiment nr 24, in which crack growth was tried to stop by dosing extra Oxygen (Exp nr 24). The moment of change of waterconditioning is indicated with A. (ref 40, 58, 64) (foto’s KEMA). |
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4040 |
Cross section of one of the cracked specimen. (ref 40, 58, 64) (foto’s KEMA). |
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4041 |
Cross sections of specimens nr 23 (A) and 24 (B). Near the crack tip the many small cracks indicate on Hydrogen SCC. The straigth crack is the result of Low Cycle Corrosion Fatique. Near MnS inclusions corrosion pits are found. (ref 40, 58, 64) (foto’s KEMA). |
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4050 |
SEM picture of a cracked specimen. F: Low Cycle Corrosion Fatique crack. H: Hydrogen Cracking. (ref 40, 58, 64).(foto’s KEMA). |
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4051 |
Second example of a cracked specimen. (ref 40, 58, 64) (foto’s KEMA). |
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4052 |
SEM pictures of the oxide in one of the cracked specimen. (ref 40, 58, 64) (foto’s KEMA). |
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4054 |
SEM picture of hematite oxide in the crack. (ref 40, 58, 64) (foto’s KEMA). |
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4056 |
SEM picture of various oxides in the crevice of a cracked specimen. In the crevice the solved iron from the LCCF cracking is oxidised to coarse crystalline magnetite (Fe3O4) and hematite (Fe2O3). See pictures A, B and C. At high Oxygen contents in the water hematite plates are formed. Aside these plates and octaeders dendrites of hematite crystals have been found. On the flanks of the crack stalagmites of magnetite crystals are formed. See Picture D. (ref 40, 58, 64) (foto’s KEMA). |
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4057 |
SEM picture of magnetite grown on the flanks of a cracked specimen. (ref 40, 58, 64) (foto’s KEMA). |
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4060 |
Results of the Low Cycle Corrosion Fatique experiments in Water (0 to 0.2 mg/L NH3) with Oxygen (250 ?g /L). (ref 40, 58, 64)
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4061 |
Results of the Low Cycle Corrosion Fatique experiments, where crack growth was tried to stop by means of changing water quality (extra NH3 or lower Oxygen). (ref 40, 58, 64) |
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